ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of flupentixol and melitracen in optimizing conven-tional treatment for postherpetic neuralgia. Methods Seventy patients of both sexes with thoracolumbar postherpetic neuralgia, were divided into 2 groups ( n＝35 each) according to the registration order: pa-tients with odd number were included in control group ( group C) and patients with even number were in-cluded in flupentixol-melitracen group (group D). Patients in group C received conventional treatment: an-ti-epileptic drugs, analgesia with opioids, neurotrophy, paravertebral nerve block and physical therapy. Flupentixol-melitracen 10. 5 mg was taken orally based on the conventional treatment in group D. The time for treatment was recorded. The severity of pain was assessed by using the numeric rating scale, and anxiety and depression were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale before treatment and on 3rd and 7th days after treatment. The development of flupenthixol and melitracen-related adverse reactions was recorded during treatment in group D. Results Compared with group C, the numeric rating scale and Hos-pital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores were significantly decreased on 3rd and 7th days after treatment, and the time for treatment was shortened in group D (P＜0. 05). No flupenthixol-and melitracen-related ad-verse reactions were found in group D. Conclusion Flupentixol-melitracen can optimize the conventional therapeutic effect for postherpetic neuralgia.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the role of autophagy in the development of inflammatory pain in the rats.Methods Twenty-four healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-240 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6 each) by using a random number table:control group (group C),inflammatory pain group (group IP),dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (group D),and rapamycin (autophagy inducer) group (group R).Inflammatory pain was produced by injecting 50 μl bee venom into the plantar surface of the left hindpaw.In group C,0.9％ normal saline was injected into the plantar surface of the left hindpaw.In group D,2％ DMSO was injected through a gastric tube into the stomach 1 ml per day for 3 consecutive days,and the model was established at 1 h after injection on 3rd day.In group R,rapamycin l0 mg/kg (in 2％ DMSO) was injected through a gastric tube into stomach 1 ml per day for 3 consecutive days,and the model was established at 1 h after injection on 3rd day.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured at 2 h after the model was established.After measurement of the pain threshold,the dorsal horn of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ),Beclin-1 and p62 by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the MWT was significantly decreased,the TWL was significantly shortened in IP and D groups,and the expression of LC3 Ⅱ,Beclin-1 and p62 in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord was significantly up-regulated in IP,D and R groups (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group IP,the MWT was significantly increased,the TWL was significantly prolonged,the expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of p62 was significantly down-regulated in group R (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group D (P＞0.05).Conclusion Autophagy disorders are involved in the development of inflammatory pain in the rats.
ABSTRACT
TSH1, a novel transcription factor in rice containing conserved AP2/EREBP domain, was screened from the EST database. The specific interaction of TSH1 and DNA elements was detected by two kinds of traditional methods, electronic mobility assay and yeast one-hybrid assay, which suggested that THS1 specifically binds to GCC element in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, It was confirmed by atom force microscopy (AFM) that TSH1 binds to GCC element (core sequence GCCGCC) not DRE element (core sequence GCCGAC), and the single molecular force between TSH1 and GCC element was quantitatively measured. The molecular force of TSH1 with GCC element is (83.9 ?2.2) pN. This interaction can be observably blocked by the dissociate TSH1 protein in the solution. These above results proved that TSH1 recognizes and binds to GCC with specifically interaction, which also demonstrate the high sensitivity of the AFM measurements for the single base substitution of the GCC core sequence greatly reduced the binding affinity. Comparing these methods for identification the binding of transcription factor with its DNA element, it was considered that AFM is expected to be a sensitive and reliable method that offers valuable information for the characterization of transcription factors.